That dollar amount reflects a 14.2% increase for worldwide energy exported from 2017 to 2018, but a -26.5% retreat from $2.968 trillion five years earlier in 2014.
Crude plus refined petroleum oils represent roughly four-fifths (79.3%) of all energy exports in 2018. Then came exported gas (13.1%), coal (5.7%), electricity (1.6%) well ahead of uranium (0.3%).
Energy products appear to have slipped as a percentage of global exports. In 2014, exported energy accounted for 15.7% of overall exports totaling $18.888 trillion. That percentage diminished to 11.3% for 2018, falling behind other exported goods notably automotive products.
Global Energy Exports by Major Product
Crude
Below are the top 10 countries that exported the highest dollar value worth of crude oil during 2018. International crude oil exports decreased in value by about a third (-32.2%) compared to 2014 but appreciated by 12.5% from 2017 to 2018.
- Russia: US$129 billion (down -16.1% from 2014)
- Iraq: $91.7 billion (up 9%)
- Canada: $66.9 billion (down -24.1%)
- United Arab Emirates: $58.4 billion (down -18.9%)
- Kuwait: $51.7 billion (down -25.4%)
- Iran: $50.8 billion (up 30.5%)
- United States: $48.3 billion (up 292.1%)
- Nigeria: $43.6 billion (down -39.8%)
- Kazakhstan: $37.8 billion (down -29.5%)
- Angola: $36.5 billion (down -35.3%)
The listed 15 countries shipped almost two-thirds (64.7%) of all crude petroleum oil exported in 2018 by value.
Three among the above top countries expanded their international sales of crude oil since 2014 namely the United States (up 292.1%), Iran (up 30.5%) and Iraq (up 9%).
Leading the decliners compared to 2014 were Nigeria (down -39.8%), Angola (down -35.3%), Kazakhstan (down -29.5%) and Kuwait (down -25.4%).
Year over year, the fastest gainers from 2017 to 2018 were the United States (up 114.5%), Kazakhstan (up 42.2%), Iraq (up 41%) then Russia (up 38.3%).
Refined
Below are the top 10 countries that exported the highest dollar value worth of processed petroleum oils during 2018. International exports of refined petroleum oils decreased in value by about a fifth (-20.7%) compared to 2014 but improved by 20.3% from 2017 to 2018.
- United States: US$95.9 billion (down -12.8% from 2014)
- Russia: $78.1 billion (down -32.6%)
- Netherlands: $53.7 billion (down -17.2%)
- Singapore: $52 billion (down -21.3%)
- India: $46.8 billion (down -23.1%)
- South Korea: $44.9 billion (down -8.5%)
- China: $35.8 billion (up 38.7%)
- United Arab Emirates: $32.3 billion (up 17.9%)
- Belgium: $31.6 billion (down -22.6%)
- Italy: $16.8 billion (down -4.1%)
The listed 15 countries shipped over three-fifths (62.5%) of all processed petroleum oils exported in 2018 by value.
Two among the above top countries expanded their international sales of refined petroleum oils since 2014 namely China (up 38.7%) and the United Arab Emirates (up 17.9%).
Leading the decliners compared to 2014 were Russia (down -32.6%), India (down -23.1%), Belgium (down -22.6%) and Singapore (down -21.3%).
Year over year, the fastest gainers from 2017 to 2018 were the United Arab Emirates (up 57.2%), China (up 40.4%), South Korea (up 34.2%), India (also up 34.2%) then Russia (up 34.1%).
Gas
Below are the top 10 countries that exported the highest dollar value worth of natural gas during 2018. International exports of petroleum gases decreased in value by over a third (-35.4%) compared to 2014 but gained 4.9% from 2017 to 2018.
- Qatar: US$40.5 billion (down -52.9% from 2014)
- Norway: $35.2 billion (down -9.9%)
- Australia: $32.4 billion (up 84.8%)
- United States: $28.2 billion (up 61.1%)
- Algeria: $13.9 billion (down -41.5%)
- Germany: $11.1 billion (up 46.8%)
- Malaysia: $10.8 billion (down -48.2%)
- Indonesia: $10.6 billion (down -38%)
- Canada: $10.2 billion (down -40.2%)
- Turkmenistan: $8.1 billion (down -16.2%)
The listed 15 countries shipped 70.3% of all petroleum gases exported in 2018 by value.
Among the above countries, the fastest-growing natural gas exporter since 2014 was Australia via its 84.8% gain in value. In second place was the United States (up 61.1%) trailed by Germany (up 46.8%).
The severest declines over the five-year period belong to Qatar (down -52.9%), Malaysia (down -48.2%), Algeria (down -41.5%) and Canada (down -40.2%).
Year over year, the fastest gainers from 2017 to 2018 were Australia (up 58.3%), Germany (up 53.1%), Norway (up 33.1%) then Qatar (up 31.5%).
Coal
Below are the top 10 countries that exported the highest dollar value worth of coal during 2018. International coal exports increased in value by 27.9% compared to 2014 and went up by 15.8% from 2017 to 2018.
- Australia: US$47 billion (up 33.9% from 2014)
- Indonesia: $20.6 billion (up 10.4%)
- Russia: $17 billion (up 46.3%)
- United States: $12.2 billion (up 43.7%)
- Colombia: $6.6 billion (up 2.3%)
- South Africa: $6.2 billion (up 22.7%)
- Canada: $5.8 billion (up 53.8%)
- Mongolia: $2.8 billion (up 228.3%)
- China: $786.8 million (up 13.3%)
- Mozambique: $761.6 million (up 58,799%)
The listed 15 countries shipped a hefty 96.2% of all coal exported in 2018 by value.
Among the above countries, the fastest-growing coal exporter since 2014 was Mozambique via its 58,799% gain in value since 2014. In second place was Mongolia (up 228.3%), followed by Canada (up 53.8%), Russia (up 46.3%) and the United States (up 43.7%).
Year over year, the fastest gainers from 2017 to 2018 were Mozambique (up 312.1%), Russia (up 25.9%), Mongolia (up 23.5%) then the United States (up 22.9%).
Electricity
Below are the top 10 countries that exported the highest dollar value worth of electricity during 2018. International exports of electricity appreciated by 3.4% compared to 2014 and increased in value by 13.5% from 2017 to 2018.
- France: US$4.2 billion (up 29.5% from 2014)
- Germany: $3.8 billion (down -17.9%)
- Canada: $2.2 billion (down -15.6%)
- Switzerland: $2.1 billion (down -14.6%)
- Paraguay: $2.1 billion (down -1.6%)
- Sweden: $1.6 billion (up 28.7%)
- Czech Republic: $1.53 billion (up 19.4%)
- China: $1.51 billion (up 12.8%)
- Laos: $1.4 billion (no 2014 data)
- Austria: $1.1 billion (down -1.2%)
The listed 15 countries accounted for 62.8% of all electricity sold on international markets in 2018 by value.
Among the above countries, the fastest-growing electricity exporter since 2014 was France via its 29.5% gain in value since 2014. In second place was Sweden (up 28.7%), trailed by the Czech Republic (up 19.4%) and China (up 12.8%).
Leading the decliners over the five-year period were Germany (down -17.9%), Canada (down -15.6%) and Switzerland (down -14.6%).
Year over year, the fastest gainers from 2017 to 2018 were France (up 51.3%), Switzerland (up 42.3%), Sweden (up 41.4%) then the Czech Republic (up 41%).
Uranium
Below are the top 10 countries that exported the highest dollar value worth of uranium during 2018. International uranium exports decreased in value by about a quarter (-25.4%) compared to 2014 and depreciated by -3.1% from 2017 to 2018.
- Kazakhstan: US$1.35 billion (down -35.4% from 2014)
- Canada: $1.3 billion (down -12.3%)
- Netherlands: $1 billion (down -4.7%)
- France: $753 million (down -27.8%)
- Germany: $660.3 million (down -20.7%)
- United States: $594.3 million (down -39.9%)
- China: $279.5 million (up 3.4%)
- Belgium: $144.3 million (up 52.7%)
- Ukraine: $132.5 million (down -49%)
- Russia: $102.1 million (down -54.5%)
The listed 15 countries shipped 93.2% of all uranium exported in 2018 by value.
Only two among the above countries increased their uranium exports from 2014 to 2018, namely Belgium (up 52.7%) and China (up 3.4%).
Leading the decliners over the five-year period were Russia (down -54.5%), Ukraine (down -49%), the United States (down -39.9%) and Kazakhstan (down -35.4%).
Year over year, the fastest gainers from 2017 to 2018 were China (up 50.1%), the Netherlands (up 21.8%), Belgium (up 15.9%) then Canada (up 4.4%).
See also Russia’s Top 10 Exports, United States Top 10 Exports, Qatar’s Top 10 Exports, Australia’s Top 10 Exports, France’s Top 10 Exports and Kazakhstan’s Top 10 Exports
Research Sources:
Central Intelligence Agency, The World Factbook Field Listing: Exports – Commodities. Accessed on August 28, 2019
International Trade Centre, Trade Map. Accessed on August 28, 2019
Wikipedia, Energy industry. Accessed on August 28, 2019